Shape of the crown depends on the habitat. Narrow, cylindrical crown can be seen in the forests. Broad, rounded crown is typical for open areas. Bark of hackberry tree is light grey, covered with ridges and wart-like projections.
Hackberry tree develops ovate or lanceolate leaves. They have asymmetric base, pointed tips and serrated edges. Texture of leaves can be smooth or rough. Leaves are alternately arranged on the branches.
Hackberry tree blooms from April to May. It is not a strong competitor, but once established it can grow to heights of 30 to 50 feet, on average.
Its prime development conditions are in valley soils where it can grow to be over feet tall and can have a very fast growth rate. The hackberry produces small, pea-sized berries that change from light orange to dark purple in color when ripe in early fall. The hackberry is a great tree to attract birds and other animals who love to feed off the fruits both in the tree and on the forest floor.
In fact, the hackberry relies on animals to eat the fruits and disperse its seeds in order to reproduce. The fruits are not just for forest animals though. Humans can enjoy the small berries as well. Though the fruit is quite thin and usually dry, the taste of the berries is said to be similar to dates.
Native Americans used the hackberry as a source of food, for medicinal purposes, and for special ceremonies. Leaves are triangular with uneven sides, long tapered tips, and 3 prominent veins from the same basal point. Common hackberry trees produce both male and female flowers. Pistillate and staminate flowers are usually solitary but also occur in clusters of up to 3. Pistillate flowers are borne in the axils of new leaves, and staminate flowers are borne at the ends of new branches.
Common hackberry produces solitary, single-seeded drupes that are 8 to 11 mm in diameter. Seasonal development: Common hackberry produces flowers at the same time as leaves, which is typically in April or May. Flowers are typical in early April in the southern part of the common hackberry's range and in late May in the northern part of its range. The bark of hackberry provides year-round interest in landscapes.
The fruit is a popular food for birds and small mammalian wildlife. Much of the fruit remains on the tree throughout winter until it is eaten by birds.
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